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{"sheet":"Instructions","index":0,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":12,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[2,0,3,0],[6,0,7,0],[10,0,11,0],[0,0,0,2]]}
["This tool gives a simple estimate of windstorm risk (in euros per year) for any residential building. It was created to help users, such as homeowners, planners, and insurers, quickly understand how much storm damage they might expect without needing technical knowledge.\n\nYou only need to enter two things:\n - The building’s reconstruction value, and\n - The wind gust speeds at its location.\n\nThe tool then calculates the expected annual loss. For larger areas, you can enter an average building value or list multiple buildings and add the results.\n\nThe tool is designed to make windstorm risk understandable and easy to use for everyone."]
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["General information","Guidance","This excel tool is designed to estimate risk (in euro/year) for individual assets making use of a simplified risk calculation requiring two datapoints in terms of windstorms.\n\nThe user needs to provide the reconstruction value of the asset (or living area of house) and the gust speeds to which the asset is exposed to. The ReconstructionValueTool can be used to estimate the reconstruction value, for more details see the Inputs' information below.\n\nThe reconstruction value of the asset, next to the gust speeds, will determine the expected loss. If the objective is to determine the losses of an entire area, this can be done by providing an average reconstruction value and multiplying the loss by the number of assets, or by defining multiple assets in the area on different rows and summing up the average annual losses."]
[null,"Technical explanation","The excel tool makes use of a windstorm loss function to estimate loss ratios. For this, the loss function residential buildings in the Netherlands has been calibrated using reconstruction values and gust intensities by van Ederen et al (2025). This function represents the damage a house can expect if it gets damaged by wind. However, not every house gets damaged during a windstorm. Therefore, we also use a function to estimate the chance of a house getting damaged during a windstorm of certain intensity. This function is based on Fonseca Cerda et. al (2025). The tool then uses both functions and the reconstruction value to determine the potential damage to the asset for both intensities of storms (1/10 and 1/100) as provided by the user. \n\nTwo outputs are given:\n1. Potential Loss (in euro) for an asset for 1/10 and 1/100 year storms (i.e. IF an asset would be damaged)\n2. Average Annual Loss (in euro/yr) which also includes the chance of an asset becoming damaged in a storm. This average annual damage is calculated by determining the integral under the risk curve (probability on x-axis, damage on y-axis). This risk curve has two points and a simplified integral is determined by calculating three areas (see figure with example of a 1/10 start and 1/100 max situation). \n"]
[]
[]
["Inputs","Reconstruction value of asset","The reconstruction value of a home is the amount needed to rebuild a home after damage. This value is determined, usually for insurance purposes, according to the Dutch Association of Insurers. The reconstruction value may differ from the market value because it doesn't take location and land value into account, but focuses on the cost of building a comparable property. \n\nThe ReconstructionValueTool can be used to estimate the reconstruction value by selecting the type of asset, the construction year and the surface area. More information to estimate the reconstruction value can be found here: https://www.verzekeraars.nl/publicaties/actueel/herbouwwaardemeter-woningen-en-inboedelwaarde-index-2025-bekend"]
[null,"Gust","The user needs to provide some information on gust speed to which the asset is exposed. This information needs to be extracted from hazard datasets on windstorms intensities that corresponds to 10 and 100 years return period (1/10 and 1/100 probability of occurrence). These intensities can be obtained from the Klimaateffectatlas windstorm's maps."]
[]
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["Outputs","Potential loss","The potential loss represents the loss that a single property could suffer if it would be damaged in a storm of a specific intensity (so different for 1/10 and 1/100 year storms)"]
[null,"Average annual loss","The average loss accounts for the probability of being damaged, and combines the storms with different intensities"]

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["Asset name","Reconstruction\nvalue of asset  (euro)","1/10 gust\n(m/s)","1/100 gust\n(m/s)","Loss \nratio (1/10)","Chance of\n loss (1/10)","Loss \nratio (1/100)","Chance of\n loss (1/100)","Potential",null,"Average Annual",null,null,null,null,"Fixed"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Input: Reconstruction value"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Loss (1/10)","Loss (1/100)","Loss (1/10)","Loss (1/100)","Average Annual Loss\n(euro/yr)",null,null,"Input: Gust"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Output: Potential Loss"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Output: Average Annual Loss"]
["Example home",300000,15,38,{"$f":"1/(1+EXP(-(-4.31-0.001537*SQRT(B6)+0.000008533*C6^3)))","v":5.9225342560033957E-3},{"$f":"IF(C6>42.5,1-EXP(-4.10555506050868E-09*C6^4.86124864796653),EXP(-14+0.3*C6))","v":7.4851829887700598E-5},{"$f":"1/(1+EXP(-(-4.31-0.001537*SQRT(B6)+0.000008533*D6^3)))","v":9.1607269751464125E-3},{"$f":"IF(D6>42.5,1-EXP(-4.10555506050868E-09*D6^4.86124864796653),EXP(-14+0.3*D6))","v":7.4273578214333905E-2},{"$f":"B6*E6","v":1776.7602768010188},{"$f":"B6*G6","v":2748.2180925439238},{"$f":"B6*E6*F6","v":0.13299375799033369},{"$f":"B6*G6*H6","v":204.11999144660865},{"$f":"0.01*L6+(0.1-0.01)*K6+0.5*(0.1-0.01)*(L6-K6)","v":11.232584248673042}]

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["Reconstruction\nvalue of asset  (euro)",null,null,"Fixed",null,"Herbouwwaardemeter Woningen 2025"]
[null,null,null,"Input",null,"Prijstelling Per m³ in EUR"]
[null,null,null,"Output",null,"Type woning:","Bestaande bouw t/m 2014","Nieuwbouw v.a. 2015",null,null,null,"Bestaande bouw t/m 2014"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Nieuwbouw v.a. 2015"]
["Asset type","Tussenwoning (rijtjeswoning)",null,null,null,"Tussenwoning (rijtjeswoning)",810,770]
["Year of construction","Bestaande bouw t/m 2014",null,null,null,"Hoekwoning (rijtjeswoning)",945,910]
["Surface area (m2)",130,null,null,null,"2 onder 1 kap",940,940]
["Height (m)",2.9,null,null,null,"Vrijstaand",1075,1075]
["Volume (m3)",{"$f":"+B7*B8","v":377},null,null,null,"Appartement in complex t/m 4 bouwlagen",990,990]
["Volume factor",{"$f":"IF(B9<250,1.1,1)","v":1},null,null,null,"Appartement in complex 5 t/m 8 bouwlagen",905,905]
["Pricing (euro/m³)",{"$f":"IF(B6=G3,_xlfn.XLOOKUP(B5,F5:F10,G5:G10),_xlfn.XLOOKUP(B5,F5:F10,H5:H10))","v":810},null,null,null,"Sources: "]
["Reconstruction value (euro)",{"$f":"+B11*B9*B10","v":305370},null,null,null,"https://www.verzekeraars.nl/publicaties/actueel/herbouwwaardemeter-woningen-en-inboedelwaarde-index-2025-bekend"]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,"https://www.verzekeraars.nl/media/soogpuzv/vvv-herbouwwaardemeter_2025_02.pdf"]

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["Disclaimer"]
["The IVM-VU have no liability for any loss or damage suffered or costs incurred arising out of or in connection with the information contained in this document. Any reliance placed upon this document is solely at the recipient’s own risk. All parties must rely upon their own skill and judgement when making use of it. Nothing in this document is or shall be relied upon as a promise or representation of present or future events or results. Nonetheless, we seek to protect the integrity of this document and welcome any feedback to improve it."]