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This annex to the Delta Programme 2025 details supporting information for water safety and adaptation strategies. It covers assessments of sea level rise, flood risks, and drought. The document strengthens the knowledge base for national planning. It supports long-term resilience strategies.

This interim report summarises progress in the Dutch sea level rise knowledge programme. It discusses uncertainties in projections and their implications. The report highlights knowledge gaps and ongoing research efforts. It informs policymakers on strategic adaptation pathways.

This report assesses climate risks for the Netherlands. It analyses vulnerabilities across sectors such as water, health, nature, and infrastructure. The study emphasises systemic risks and interdependencies. It provides a knowledge base for national adaptation planning.

This report presents the main Delta Scenarios 2024. It outlines potential socio-economic and climate futures relevant for water management. The scenarios include uncertainties in sea level rise, river discharges, and drought. They inform long-term adaptation planning.

This report provides an overview of current climate risks in the Netherlands, focusing on sectors such as water safety, water quantity and quality, built environment, mobility, nature, agriculture, health, cultural heritage, and disaster and crisis management. It aims to support policy development towards a climate-resilient and water-robust Netherlands by 2050. The analysis is based on contributions from various knowledge institutes and experts. The report serves as a baseline for monitoring and evaluating national climate adaptation policies.

This study analyses the 2022 drought and its societal consequences. It reviews hydrological severity, ecological damage, and economic losses. The report underlines the vulnerability of agriculture and water supply. It provides insights into lessons learned for future drought management.

This publication presents the official national climate scenarios for the Netherlands. It summarises projected changes in temperature, precipitation, sea level, and extremes. The scenarios are intended to guide national and regional adaptation strategies. They form a foundation for climate-resilient planning.

The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute’s climate scenarios (KNMI’23) provide updated projections for the Netherlands, considering recent global climate developments and national socio-economic trends. These scenarios offer insights into future changes in temperature, precipitation, sea level, and extreme weather events. They serve as a basis for climate impact assessments and adaptation planning across various sectors. The report emphasises the importance of preparedness for a range of possible climate futures.

This paper develops six national climate scenarios (KNMI’23) for the Netherlands that aim to span a large fraction of the uncertainty in CMIP6-based climate projections. It uses a “storyline” approach, combining different global warming levels (based on SSP pathways) with two regional precipitation‐trend variants (wet vs. dry). To increase spatial detail, the authors reconstruct regional responses by resampling internal variability from ensembles of GCM‐RCM runs. The resulting scenarios are intended for use in impact modelling and policy planning in Dutch sectors sensitive to climate change.

This study examines wildfire risks in temperate Europe, focusing on the Netherlands. It shows that wildfires are already a significant hazard due to climate change and land management. The paper evaluates prevention and adaptation strategies. It calls for integrating wildfire risk into national climate policy.